Lighting
The appropriate use of lighting can assist people with disabilities to:
- move around (ie. lighting should illuminate the way, without glare, confusing reflections or shadows, for people entering, using and leaving a building)
- identify features (ie. facilities and features where people have to operate controls, such as information panels, directional signs, call buttons, access panels and interactive terminals, should be clearly lit)
- communicate with others (ie. the level and source of lighting is important to people who need to lip read. Counters and reception desks should be correctly positioned, so that a window or bright light source is not behind either person speaking).
The kinds of adjustments that you could make include:
Pre-arrival, Arrival and Reception
- Lighting must be even, diffuse and non-glaring (appropriate for the purpose intended e.g. to aid lip readers).
Bedrooms
- Bedrooms must have uniform, even lighting.
- Increased lighting e.g. reading lamp to be positioned around writing/dressing table/bed areas.
- Bedside lights within reach of head end of beds.
- Recommend main lights to be controllable from the bed.
- Flashing the bedroom lights on and off will help to alert a sleeping guest.
- Establishments that do not require a fire certificate should consider supplying a flashing light in toilets, bathrooms or washrooms.
Public areas
- Balanced lighting must be provided for guests who are lip reading.
Ramps
- Lighting must be balanced and effective around ramps.
Steps
- Lighting must be balanced and effective around steps/stairs.
Interior
- Lighting must be appropriate for the purpose intended.
- Adequate lighting must be positioned to illuminate the receptionist/serving staff and the desktop or counter top without creating glare or shadows.
Internal Passageways and Corridors
- The end of the corridor must be highlighted for example by good colour and tone contrast between walls and flooring and a change of light.
Lifts
- Internal lighting must be balanced.
- Avoid use of spotlights and down lighters where possible.
Approach/Car Parking
- There must be lighting around accessible bays and throughout route to entrance.
Acknowledgement
The information contained in this section was collected from the following source:
- VisitBritain (2004) National Accessible Scheme. [accessed 16/10/07].
Legislation:
- BS 8300:2001 Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people - Code of Practice. [accessed 16/10/07].
| Location | Illuminance | Comment |
| Ramps | 100 | min at top and bottom of ramp |
| External steps | 100 | min at tread level |
| Entrance | 200* | SMI at floor level |
| Corridor | 100* | SMI at floor level |
| Internal stairs | 100 | min at tread level |
| Internal ramps | 100 | min at top and bottom of ramp |
| Lavatory | 100 | SMI at floor level |
| Bathroom | 100 to 300 | SMI at sink level |
| Shower area | 100 to 300 | SMI at sink level |
| Bedroom | 100 | min at floor level |
| Kitchen | 150 to 300 | SMI at worktop level |
* Illuminance recommendation taken from the SLL Code for Lighting 2001 |
| min = minimum illuminance (lux) |
| SMI = Standard Maintained Illuminance (lux) |
Manufacturers of Reading Lamps
Further information:
- BSI (2008) PAS 88:2008 Guidance on accessibility of large hotel premises and hotel chains. [accessed 15/08/08].
- Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers (1992) The Outdoor Environment. [accessed 25/10/07].
- Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers (1995) Lighting the Environment: A Guide to Good Urban Lighting. [accessed 25/10/07].
- Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers (2004) Code for Lighting. [accessed 24/10/07].
- Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers (2004) Emergency Lighting Design Guide. [accessed 24/10/07].
- Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (1997) Low Vision - Lighting Needs for the Partially Sighted.
- Cook, G. & Bright, K. Artificial Lighting for an Inclusive Environment - What, Why and How? Factsheet, Access Journal 22, 22-25, Spring 2006
- Department of Transport (2003) Access to Air Travel for Disabled People - Code of Practice. [accessed 24/10/07].
- ICI Plc (n.d.) A design guide for the use of colour and contrast to improve the built environment for visually impaired people. [accessed 24/10/07].
- National Council for the Blind of Ireland (2005) Guidelines for Accessibility of the Built Environment. [accessed 25/10/07].
- OSRAM. Hotel and restaurant lighting. [accessed 25/10/07].
- The Society of Light and Lighting (1996) Carpark Lighting: Dilemma Solved. [accessed 25/10/07].
- The Society of Light and Lighting (2003) Environmental Considerations for Exterior Lighting. [accessed 25/10/07].
- The Society of Light and Lighting (2004) Lighting for People who are Visually Impaired. [accessed 25/10/07].
- Webber, G. M. B. Wright, M. S. & Cook, G. K. (1997) Emergency lighting and wayfinding systems for visually impaired people. Berkshire: BREPress [accessed 25/10/07].
Other information:
- Barker, P. Barrick, J. & Wilson, R. (1995) Building Sight - How the needs of blind and partially sighted people can be met in the design of buildings and the environment. London: RNIB. [accessed 16/10/07].
- Bright, K. Flanagan, S. Embleton, J. Selbekk, L. & Cook, G. (2004) Buildings for all to use - improving the accessibility of public buildings and environments. London: CIRIA. [accessed 16/10/07].
- Casserley, C. (2000) Tourism and the DDA: your guide to understanding the Disability Discrimination Act. London: RNIB.
- Centre for Accessible Environments (2005) Specifiers' Handbooks for Inclusive Design Series. [accessed 08/10/07].
- Communities and Local Governement (2003) Planning and access for disabled people: a good practice guide. [accessed 16/10/07].
- Department for Transport (2005) Inclusive Mobility. [accessed 16/10/07].
- EuCAN (European Concept for Accessibility Network) (2003) The European Concept For Accessibility. [accessed 16/10/07].
- Equality and Human Rights Commission (2001) FOCUS 7: Creating an Inclusive Environment.
- Equality and Human Rights Commission (2004) Making access to goods and services easier for disabled customers - A practical guide for small businesses and other small service providers. [accessed 24/10/07].
- Equality and Human Rights Commission (2005) The Duty to Promote Disability Equality - Statutory Code of Practice.
- Equality and Human Rights Commission (2006) Code of Practice - Rights of Access: services to the public, public authority functions, private clubs and premises. [accessed 16/10/07].
- Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (2007 ) The good, the bad and the ugly – design and construction for access. [accessed 16/10/07].
- JMU Access Partnership (n.d.) Buildings and Internal Environments. London: RNIB.
- Merseytravel (2006) Code of Practice on Access and Mobility. [accessed 16/10/07].
- National Disability Authority (2002) Building for Everyone. [accessed 16/10/07].
- RNIB (2000) Welcoming your visually impaired customers, leisure industry pack. [accessed 16/10/07].
- RNIB (2003) The Talking Images Guide - Museums, galleries and heritage sites: improving access for blind and partially sighted people.
- Secretariat for the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities [n.d.] Accessibility for the Disabled - A Design Manual for a Barrier Free Environment. [accessed 16/10/07].
- Sport England (2002) Access for Disabled People. [accessed 16/10/07].
- VisitBritain (2004) National Accessible Scheme. [accessed 16/10/07].
Picture acknowledgements
- Schlossberg Hotel
- Disability Rights Commission
- NAHB Research Center
- Disability Rights Commission
- NAHB Research Center
